سانچہ:Cite web/doc
This is a documentation subpage for سانچہ:Cite web. It contains usage information, categories and other content that is not part of the original سانچہ page. |
This template is used on many pages and changes may be widely noticed. Test changes in the template's /sandbox or /testcases subpages, or in your own user subpage. Consider discussing changes on the talk page before implementing them. |
سانچہ:AWB standard installation سانچہ:Csdoc سانچہ:Csdoc
سانچہ:Csdoc Do not use this template in the "External links" section of articles.
Usage
[ماخذ وچ تبدیلی کرو]سانچہ:Csdoc سانچہ:Csdoc For references with author credit
{{cite web |url= |title= |last= |first= |date= |website= |publisher= |access-date= |quote=}}
For references without author credit
{{cite web |url= |title= |author=<!--Not stated--> |date= |website= |publisher= |access-date= |quote=}}
{{cite web |url= |title= |last= |first= |date= |website= |publisher= |access-date= |quote=}}
{{cite web |url= |url-access= |title= |last= |first= |author= |author-link= |last2= |first2= |author2= |author-link2= |date= |year= |orig-year= |editor-last= |editor-first= |editor= |editor-link= |editor2-last= |editor2-first= |editor2-link= |editors= |department= |website= |series= |publisher= |agency= |location= |page= |pages= |at= |language= |script-title= |trans-title= |type= |format= |arxiv= |asin= |bibcode= |doi= |doi-broken-date= |isbn= |issn= |jfm= |jstor= |lccn= |mr= |oclc= |ol= |osti= |pmc= |pmid= |rfc= |ssrn= |zbl= |id= |access-date= |url-status= |archive-url= |archive-date= |via= |quote= |ref= |postscript=}}
{{cite web |url= |url-access= |title= |last= |first= |author-link= |last2= |first2= |author-link2= |date= |year= |orig-year= |editor-last= |editor-first= |editor-link= |editor2-last= |editor2-first= |editor2-link= |department= |website= |series= |publisher= |agency= |location= |page= |pages= |at= |language= |script-title= |trans-title= |type= |format= |arxiv= |asin= |bibcode= |doi= |doi-broken-date= |isbn= |issn= |jfm= |jstor= |lccn= |mr= |oclc= |ol= |osti= |pmc= |pmid= |rfc= |ssrn= |zbl= |id= |access-date= |url-status= |archive-url= |archive-date= |via= |quote= |ref= |postscript=}}
last last last2 editor-last editor-last editor2-last url url url, archive-date archive-url
required required
Choosing between Template:cite web and Template:cite news
[ماخذ وچ تبدیلی کرو]سانچہ:Anchor Before 2014, editors had to decide whether to use {{cite web}} or {{cite news}} based on their features. In 2014, سانچہ:Em the differences between the two templates were eliminated.
As of سانچہ:Diff, سانچہ:Tlf and سانچہ:Tlf have the following differences:
- سانچہ:Tlf can be used for offline (paper) sources whereas سانچہ:Tlf generates a missing URL error when no URL is provided
- سانچہ:Tlf accepts
|issue=
and|volume=
parameters while سانچہ:Tlf does not (See سانچہ:Slink; see also {{cite magazine}}).
But given the same set of valid parameters, their output is exactly the same:
cite web: | Silverman, Dwight (July 15, 2011). "Microsoft envisions a universal OS, but it might not be called Windows". Houston Chronicle. Hearst Corporation. Retrieved May 26, 2015. |
cite news: | Silverman, Dwight (July 15, 2011). "Microsoft envisions a universal OS, but it might not be called Windows". Houston Chronicle. Hearst Corporation. Retrieved May 26, 2015. |
Examples
[ماخذ وچ تبدیلی کرو]سانچہ:Markup2 سانچہ:Markup2 سانچہ:Markup2 سانچہ:Markup2 سانچہ:Markup2 سانچہ:Markup2
Using "format="
[ماخذ وچ تبدیلی کرو]When this template detects a link whose URL includes an extension of ".pdf" or ".PDF", typical of PDF files, it automatically displays a PDF icon after the link (regardless of whether the link goes to a PDF file or to an HTML landing page, typical of paysites). It also internally acts as if |format=PDF
had been specified, which displays " (PDF)" after the icon. (In this case, an explicit |format=PDF
parameter would be redundant, so it is not recommended to add it. Users may remove it. Citation bot, when invoked, will remove it. (ref))
If the link is to a PDF file that is not automatically recognizable by its extension, this template does not display the PDF icon. You may add the parameter |format=PDF
, which displays " (PDF)" after the link.
For links to files in other formats, no icon is displayed. For example, for an .odt file, you may add the parameter |format=ODT
, which displays " (ODT)" after the link.
Foreign language and translated title
[ماخذ وچ تبدیلی کرو]Using author-link
[ماخذ وچ تبدیلی کرو]Multiple authors
[ماخذ وچ تبدیلی کرو]No author
[ماخذ وچ تبدیلی کرو]No author, no publisher
[ماخذ وچ تبدیلی کرو]سانچہ:Markup2 سانچہ:Markup2 سانچہ:Markup2
Using "archive-url" and "archive-date" (and optionally "url-status") for webpages that have been archived سانچہ:Anchor
[ماخذ وچ تبدیلی کرو]|url-status=dead
and the main link is to the archive:
|url-status=live
, the main link is to the original:
Using quote
[ماخذ وچ تبدیلی کرو]Parameters
[ماخذ وچ تبدیلی کرو]Syntax
[ماخذ وچ تبدیلی کرو]COinS
[ماخذ وچ تبدیلی کرو]What's new
[ماخذ وچ تبدیلی کرو]Deprecated
[ماخذ وچ تبدیلی کرو]Description
[ماخذ وچ تبدیلی کرو]Authors
[ماخذ وچ تبدیلی کرو]Title
[ماخذ وچ تبدیلی کرو]سانچہ:Csdoc سانچہ:Csdoc سانچہ:Csdoc
Date
[ماخذ وچ تبدیلی کرو]Website
[ماخذ وچ تبدیلی کرو]Publisher
[ماخذ وچ تبدیلی کرو]Series
[ماخذ وچ تبدیلی کرو]In-source locations
[ماخذ وچ تبدیلی کرو]Anchor
[ماخذ وچ تبدیلی کرو]Identifiers
[ماخذ وچ تبدیلی کرو]Quote
[ماخذ وچ تبدیلی کرو]Editors
[ماخذ وچ تبدیلی کرو]Laysummary
[ماخذ وچ تبدیلی کرو]Display options
[ماخذ وچ تبدیلی کرو]Subscription or registration required
[ماخذ وچ تبدیلی کرو]TemplateData
[ماخذ وچ تبدیلی کرو]This section contains configuration data used by editing tools and automated bots. Changes to this data can result in widespread and unintended effects. For more information see Help:Citation Style 1#TemplateData |
TemplateData for Cite web
Formats a citation to a website using the provided information such as URL and title. Used only for sources that are not correctly described by the specific citation templates for books, journals, news sources, etc.
پیرامیٹر | تفصیل | قسم | حالت | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Last name | last last1 author author1 author1-last author-last surname1 author-last1 subject1 surname author-last subject | The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors | سطر | صلاح ایہ ہے |
First name | first given author-first first1 given1 author-first1 author1-first | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors | سطر | صلاح ایہ ہے |
Author link | author-link authorlink subjectlink subject-link authorlink1 author-link1 author1-link author1link subjectlink1 subject-link1 subject1-link subject1link | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors | ورقہ | اختیاری |
Last name 2 | last2 author2 | The surname of the second author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link2'. | سطر | اختیاری |
First name 2 | first2 | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second author; don't wikilink. | سطر | اختیاری |
Author link 2 | author-link2 authorlink2 author2-link author2link | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second author. | ورقہ | اختیاری |
Last name 3 | last3 author3 | The surname of the third author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link3'. | سطر | اختیاری |
First name 3 | first3 | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third author; don't wikilink. | سطر | اختیاری |
Author link 3 | author-link3 authorlink3 author3-link author3link | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third author. | ورقہ | اختیاری |
Last name 4 | last4 author4 | The surname of the fourth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link4'. | سطر | اختیاری |
First name 4 | first4 | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth author; don't wikilink. | سطر | اختیاری |
Author link 4 | author-link4 authorlink4 author4-link author4link | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth author. | ورقہ | اختیاری |
Last name 5 | last5 author5 | The surname of the fifth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link5'. | سطر | اختیاری |
First name 5 | first5 | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth author; don't wikilink. | سطر | اختیاری |
Author link 5 | author-link5 authorlink5 author5-link author5link | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifth author. | ورقہ | اختیاری |
Last name 6 | last6 author6 | The surname of the sixth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link6'. | سطر | اختیاری |
First name 6 | first6 | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth author; don't wikilink. | سطر | اختیاری |
Author link 6 | author-link6 authorlink6 author6-link author6link | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth author. | ورقہ | اختیاری |
Last name 7 | last7 author7 | The surname of the seventh author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link7'. | سطر | اختیاری |
First name 7 | first7 | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh author; don't wikilink. | سطر | اختیاری |
Author link 7 | author-link7 authorlink7 author7-link author7link | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh author. | ورقہ | اختیاری |
Last name 8 | last8 author8 | The surname of the eighth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link8'. | سطر | اختیاری |
First name 8 | first8 | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth author; don't wikilink. | سطر | اختیاری |
Author link 8 | author-link8 authorlink8 author8-link author8link | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth author. | ورقہ | اختیاری |
Last name 9 | last9 author9 | The surname of the ninth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link9'. If nine authors are defined, then only eight will show and 'et al.' will show in place of the last author. | سطر | اختیاری |
First name 9 | first9 | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth author; don't wikilink. | سطر | اختیاری |
Author link 9 | author-link9 authorlink9 author9-link author9link | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth author. | ورقہ | اختیاری |
Authors list | authors people host credits | List of authors as a free form list. Use of this parameter is discouraged, "lastn" to "firstn" are preferable. Warning: do not use if last or any of its aliases are used. | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
Author mask | author-mask | Replaces the name of the first author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
Author name separator | author-name-separator | Changes the separator between last and first names; defaults to a comma and space; a space must be encoded as   do not use an asterisk, colon, or hash mark
| سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
Author separator | author-separator | Changes the separator between authors; defaults to a semicolon and space; a space must be encoded as   do not use an asterisk, colon, or hash mark
| سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
Display authors | display-authors displayauthors | Number of authors to display before 'et al.' is used. By default, all authors are displayed. Examples: |display-authors=2 will display only the first two authors in a citation followed by et al. |display-authors=etal displays all authors in the list followed by et al. | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
Last author ampersand | last-author-amp lastauthoramp | When set to any value, changes the separator between the last two names of the author list to 'space ampersand space' | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
Source date | date | Full date when the source was published; if unknown, use access-date instead; do not wikilink | تریخ | صلاح ایہ ہے |
Year of publication | year | Year of the source being referenced; deprecated in favor of 'date', except for the special case of ISO dates with disambiguating letter | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
Original year | orig-year origyear | Original year of publication; provide specifics | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
Editor last name | editor-last editor1-last editor editors | The surname of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors. | سطر | اختیاری |
Editor first name | editor-first editor1-first | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-first' | سطر | اختیاری |
Editor link | editor-link editor1-link | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the editor; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors | ورقہ | اختیاری |
Editor last name 2 | editor2-last editor2 | The surname of the second editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor2-link'. | سطر | اختیاری |
Editor first name 2 | editor2-first | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second editor; don't wikilink. | سطر | اختیاری |
Editor link 2 | editor2-link editor2link editorlink2 | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second editor. | ورقہ | اختیاری |
Editor last name 3 | editor3-last editor3 | The surname of the third editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor3-link'. | سطر | اختیاری |
Editor first name 3 | editor3-first | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third editor; don't wikilink. | سطر | اختیاری |
Editor link 3 | editor3-link editor3link editorlink3 | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third editor. | ورقہ | اختیاری |
Editor last name 4 | editor4-last editor4 | The surname of the fourth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor4-link'. | سطر | اختیاری |
Editor first name 4 | editor4-first | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth editor; don't wikilink. | سطر | اختیاری |
Editor link 4 | editor4-link editor4link editorlink4 | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth editor. | ورقہ | اختیاری |
Editor last name 5 | editor5-last editor5 | The surname of the fifth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor5-link'. | سطر | اختیاری |
Editor first name 5 | editor5-first | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth editor; don't wikilink. | سطر | اختیاری |
Editor link 5 | editor5-link editor5link editorlink5 | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifth editor. | ورقہ | اختیاری |
Editor last name 6 | editor6-last editor6 | The surname of the sixth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor6-link'. | سطر | اختیاری |
Editor first name 6 | editor6-first | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth editor; don't wikilink. | سطر | اختیاری |
Editor link 6 | editor6-link editor6link editorlink6 | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth editor. | ورقہ | اختیاری |
Editor last name 7 | editor7-last editor7 | The surname of the seventh editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor7-link'. | سطر | اختیاری |
Editor first name 7 | editor7-first | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh editor; don't wikilink. | سطر | اختیاری |
Editor link 7 | editor7-link editor7link editorlink7 | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh editor. | ورقہ | اختیاری |
Editor last name 8 | editor8-last editor8 | The surname of the eighth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor8-link'. | سطر | اختیاری |
Editor first name 8 | editor8-first | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth editor; don't wikilink. | سطر | اختیاری |
Editor link 8 | editor8-link editor8link editorlink8 | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth editor. | ورقہ | اختیاری |
Editor last name 9 | editor9-last editor9 | The surname of the ninth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor9-link'. | سطر | اختیاری |
Editor first name 9 | editor9-first | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth editor; don't wikilink. | سطر | اختیاری |
Editor link 9 | editor9-link editor9link editorlink9 | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth editor. | ورقہ | اختیاری |
Others | others | Used to record other (non-author) contributions to the work, such as 'Illustrated by John Smith' or 'Translated by John Smith'. Only one ''others'' parameter is allowed: e.g., 'Illustrated by Jane Doe; Translated by John Smith' | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
Title | title | The title of the source page on the website; will display with quotation marks added. Usually found at the top of your web browser. Not the name of the website. | سٹرنگ | لوڑ ہے |
Script title | script-title | For titles in languages that do not use a Latin-based alphabet (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, etc). Prefix with two-character ISO639-1 language code followed by a colon. For Japanese use: |script-title=ja:... | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
Translated title | trans-title | An English language title, if the source cited is in a foreign language; 'language' is recommended | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
URL | url URL | The URL of the online location where the text of the publication can be found. Requires schemes of the type "http://..." or maybe even the protocol relative scheme "//..."
| سٹرنگ | لوڑ ہے |
URL access level | url-access | Classification of the access restrictions on the URL ('registration', 'subscription' or 'limited') | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
URL status | url-status | If set to 'live', the title display is adjusted; useful for when the URL is archived preemptively but still live. Set to "dead" or 'usurped' for broken links. Entering 'unfit' or 'usurped' makes the original link not appear at all.
| سٹرنگ | صلاح ایہ ہے |
Archive URL | archive-url archiveurl | The URL of an archived copy of a web page, if or in case the URL becomes unavailable; requires 'archive-date' | سٹرنگ | صلاح ایہ ہے |
Archive date | archive-date archivedate | Date when the original URL was archived; do not wikilink | تریخ | صلاح ایہ ہے |
Archive format | archive-format | Format of the archived copy; examples: PDF, DOC, XLS; do not specify HTML | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
URL access date | access-date accessdate | The full date when the original URL was accessed; do not wikilink | تریخ | صلاح ایہ ہے |
Name of the website | website work | Title (name) of the website (or its short URL if no plain-language title is discernible); may be wikilinked; will display in italics. Having both 'publisher' and 'website' is redundant in many cases.
| سٹرنگ | صلاح ایہ ہے |
Series identifier | series | Series identifier when the source is part of a series, such as a book series or a journal | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
Publisher | publisher | Name of the publisher; may be wikilinked. Having both 'publisher' and 'website' (a.k.a. 'work') is redundant in many cases.
| سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
Location of publication | location | Geographical place of publication; usually not wikilinked; omit when the publication name includes place; alias of 'place' | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
Page | page | Page in the source that supports the content; displays after 'p.' | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
Pages | pages | Pages in the source that support the content (not an indication of the number of pages in the source); displays after 'pp.' | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
At | at | May be used instead of 'page' or 'pages' where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
Language | language lang | The language in which the source is written, if not English; use the full language name or one of the standard MediaWiki language codes; do not use icons or templates; separate multiple languages with commas (with no 'and' before the last one)
| سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
Type | type | Additional information about the media type of the source; format in sentence case | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
Format | format | Format of the work referred to by 'url'; examples: PDF, DOC, XLS; do not specify HTML | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
Place of publication | publication-place | Publication place shows after title; if 'place' or 'location' are also given, they are displayed before the title prefixed with 'written at' | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
Publication date | publication-date | Date of publication when different from the date the work was written; do not wikilink | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
Published via | via | Name of the entity hosting the original copy of the work, if different from the publisher. This entity is committed not to alter the work. GitHub, SourceForge, CodePlex, YouTube, Vimeo, Dailymotion and Netflix are examples of service dedicated to acting on behalf of the publisher, but Archive.org, Wikimedia Commons and grc.com have done this on certain occasions.
| سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
No pp | no-pp | Set to 'y' to suppress the 'p.' or 'pp.' display with 'page' or 'pages' when inappropriate (such as 'Front cover') | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
arXiv identifier | arxiv | An identifier for arXive electronic preprints of scientific papers | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
ASIN | asin | Amazon Standard Identification Number; 10 characters | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
ASIN TLD | asin-tld | ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
Bibcode | bibcode | Bibliographic Reference Code (REFCODE); 19 characters | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
biorXiv | biorxiv | biorXiv identifier; 6 digits | سطر | اختیاری |
CiteSeerX | citeseerx | CiteSeerX identifier; found after the 'doi=' query parameter | سطر | اختیاری |
DOI | doi | Digital Object Identifier; begins with '10.' | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
DOI broken date | doi-broken-date | The date that the DOI was determined to be broken | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
ISBN | isbn | International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
ISSN | issn | International Standard Serial Number; 8 characters; may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
jfm code | jfm | Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik classification code | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
JSTOR | jstor | JSTOR identifier | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
LCCN | lccn | Library of Congress Control Number | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
MR | mr | Mathematical Reviews identifier | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
OCLC | oclc | Online Computer Library Center number | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
OL | ol | Open Library identifier | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
OSTI | osti | Office of Scientific and Technical Information identifier | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
PMC | pmc | PubMed Center article number | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
PMID | pmid | PubMed Unique Identifier | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
RFC | rfc | Request for Comments number | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
SSRN | ssrn | Social Science Research Network | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
Zbl | zbl | Zentralblatt MATH journal identifier | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
id | id | A unique identifier used where none of the specialized ones are applicable | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
Quote | quote | Relevant text quoted from the source; displays last, enclosed in quotes; must include terminating punctuation | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
Ref | ref | An anchor identifier; can be made the target of wikilinks to full references | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
Postscript | postscript | The closing punctuation for the citation; ignored if 'quote' is defined
| سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
Subscription required | subscription | Use 'url-access' instead | سٹرنگ | deprecated |
Registration required | registration | Use 'url-access' instead | سٹرنگ | deprecated |
Separator | separator | The punctuation used to separate lists of authors, editors, etc.; a space must be encoded as   do not use an asterisk, colon, or hash mark
| سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
Lay URL | lay-url layurl | URL link to a non-technical summary or review of the source; alias of 'laysummary' | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
Lay source | lay-source laysource | Name of the source of the laysummary; displays in italics, preceded by an en dash | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
Lay date | lay-date laydate | Date of the summary; displays in parentheses | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
Edition | edition | Specify the edition or revision of the source, when applicable. For example: '2nd' or '5.1'. What you supply here is suffixed by ' ed.' | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
Bibcode access level | bibcode-access | If the full text is available from ADS via this Bibcode, type 'free'. | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
DOI access level | doi-access | If the full text is free to read via the DOI, type 'free'. | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
HDL access level | hdl-access | If the full text is free to read via the HDL, type 'free'. | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
Jstor access level | jstor-access | If the full text is free to read on Jstor, type 'free'. | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
OpenLibrary access level | ol-access | If the full text is free to read on OpenLibrary, type 'free'. | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
OSTI access level | osti-access | If the full text is free to read on OSTI, type 'free'. | سٹرنگ | اختیاری |
Notes
[ماخذ وچ تبدیلی کرو]سانچہ:Citation Style 1 سانچہ:Wikipedia referencing سانچہ:UF-COinS